1. Which of the following terms refers to a change in the direction light when it enters a medium of different density from the one through which it has been travelling? -- refraction; diffraction; reflection; or dispersal?

2. Triceratops is the name of which of the following? -- a kind of frog with three stomachs; an extinct species of dinosaur; a muscle in the chest of a horse; or a protein found in RNA?

3. Which of the organs of the human body has parts with the following names? -- stapes; cochlea; semi-circular canals; and malleus.

4. What was the name of the series of U.S. space flights which included landing a man on the surface of the moon?

5. Name the Old Testament character who had a vision or dream in which he saw a ladder extending from earth to heaven and on the ladder he saw the angels of God climbing up and down.

6. What was the name of King Arthur's sword?

7. According to the old saying, the road to Hell is paved with which of the following? -- yellow bricks; harsh sayings; good intentions; or burning coals?

8. Read the following sentence carefully: "She could see that Carlos was three sheets to the wind and that there was no use trying to reason with him." Which of the following best explains what was wrong with Carlos? -- Carlos was angry; Carlos was stubborn; Carlos was seasick; or Carlos was drunk?

9. What is the title of Homer's epic story about the travels and adventures of a hero of the Trojan War as he makes his way home after the war?

10. His mother was Gertrude, his uncle was Claudius, his friend was Horatio, and his girlfriend was Ophelia. Name this famous tragic character from the plays of Shakespeare.

11. Re-write the following sentence by changing all the adjectives to the superlative degree: "I had always known that Senor Rodriguez was a vain man and an unforgiving enemy."

12. Name the famous Spanish surrealist painter of the 20th Century whose most famous painting, "The Persistence of Memory," features three melted clocks.

13. The Vietnam Memorial is a long black marble wall on which are inscribed the names of all the U.S. servicemen and women who died in the Vietnam War. In what city does one find the Vietnam Memorial?

14. Name the man who was Prime Minister of England during most of World War Two.

15. When King James the Second was expelled from England in the Glorious Revolution of 1688, his daughter and her husband became joint rulers of England under the name William and Mary. What was the main issue that led to the 1688 overthrow of King James II?

16. Name the fort at the entrance to the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina, where the first real fighting of the Civil War took place.

17. Name the African-American athlete who won four gold medals at the 1936 Olympics. The 1936 Olympics were held in Germany where Hitler had just come to power. Hitler preached the racial superiority of the German people, so the victories of that black American athlete over German athletes in the competition were very embarrassing to Hitler.

18. What famous fortress in Moscow is the site of the main offices of the Russian government?

19. In the American legal system, larceny is a serious crime. Which of the following is an example of larceny? -- raping a stranger; stealing a car; embezzling money from a bank; or lying while under oath?

20. To what location must one travel to visit the Cape of Good Hope?

21. To what city must one travel to see the famous Cathedral of Notre Dame which was the setting for Victor Hugo's novel The Hunchback of Notre Dame?

22. The state of New York has common boundaries with five other states. Which of the following states does not have a common boundary with New York? -- Massachusetts; Delaware; Vermont; and New Jersey?

23. Communism borrowed most of its terminology from Karl Marx. Which of the following terms did Marx and the Communists use to refer to the middle and upper class members of society who owned all the real wealth of a country? -- proletariat; hoi-polloi; bourgeoisie; or oligarchy?

24. Read the following sentence carefully: "The American company which owned the copper mine in Venezuela was astonished and angry when their company was nationalized." What does nationalized mean?

25. What do nuclear physicists mean by the term "half-life"?